Black air sac syndrome in eagles represents a complex pathological condition affecting the respiratory and digestive systems of birds of prey, arising from the interaction of environmental factors and microbial attacks leading to the formation of black necrotic tissue and dark secretions hindering respiration and vital capacity. Clinical signs appear in noticeable breathing difficulties, black masses in the crop and digestive system, acute malnutrition and vitamin deficiencies, secondary tissue infections, and cardiac function deterioration with skeletal fragility. Treatment relies on specialized pharmaceutical protocols and supportive nutrition, alongside activating field monitoring to protect the environment according to World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH) reports and ornithology and wildlife medicine journals.
Approved Information Sources :
World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH) reports related to diseases of birds of prey and wildlife. Academic studies issued by journals of ornithology and wildlife medicine. Laboratory and field research concerning respiratory necrosis and crop inflammation in birds. General information from the Syrian Agricultural Guide and Livestock in Syria _ Specialized Evidence Center.
